Breastfeeding and birth control pills: Can you use birth control pills when breastfeeding?

When your body is still trying to find its balance after birth, a natural question arises:

Can you take birth control pills while breastfeeding – and does it affect your milk supply or the baby?

The short answer is: Yes, but it depends on the type – and there are several good alternatives available.

Not all birth control pills are the same

There are two main types:

• Combination pills (estrogen + progestin)

• Mini-pills (progestin only)

This distinction is important when you are breastfeeding.

Which contraception is recommended while breastfeeding?

As a rule of thumb, mini-pills are recommended during breastfeeding.

They do not contain estrogen and therefore do not affect milk supply in the same way combination pills can.

Combination pills can, in some cases, reduce milk supply – especially if started too early.

When can you start?

Mini-pills can typically be started shortly after giving birth.

Combination pills are usually only recommended once breastfeeding is stable and your milk supply is well-established.

Pros and cons of birth control pills while breastfeeding

Mini-pills are often the first choice – but they come with both pros and cons.

Pros:

• Do not affect milk supply

• Can be used shortly after giving birth

• High efficacy when used correctly

Cons:

• Must be taken at the exact same time every day

• Can cause irregular bleeding

Combination pills can be an option later on – but require more consideration regarding breastfeeding.

Alternatives to birth control pills while breastfeeding

If you do not want to take birth control pills, there are several good alternatives.

IUD (Hormonal IUD or Copper IUD)

An IUD is a very safe form of contraception and does not affect breastfeeding.

• Pros:

  • Very high efficacy

  • Requires no daily attention

  • Long-term solution

• Cons:

  • Requires insertion by a doctor

  • Can cause side effects depending on the type

Contraceptive Implant

A small rod placed under the skin that releases hormones.

• Pros:

  • Very high efficacy

  • Lasts for several years

  • Does not affect breastfeeding

• Cons:

  • Can cause irregular bleeding

  • Requires insertion and removal by a doctor

Condoms

A hormone-free option that many people choose initially.

• Pros:

  • No hormones

  • Can be used immediately

  • Also protects against infections

• Cons:

  • Lower efficacy than hormonal contraception

  • Requires use during every intercourse

Does contraception affect your baby?

With hormonal contraception, the amount of hormone transferred into breast milk is extremely low.

There is no evidence to suggest that it affects the child's development when used correctly.

When something feels off

If you experience changes in your milk supply or your baby reacts differently, it is important to take it seriously.

Small adjustments to your birth control can often make a big difference.

The most important thing: Peace of mind in your choice

There is no single right solution.

Some need a secure, long-term method, while others prefer something more flexible.

The most important thing is that you choose a contraception method that:

• Fits your body

• Fits your daily life

• Feels safe and comfortable

Sources:

• Sundhed.dk: https://www.sundhed.dk/borger/patienthaandbogen/graviditet/graviditet-foedsel-barsel/barsel/praevention-efter-foedsel/

• Danish Medicines Agency: https://laegemiddelstyrelsen.dk/da/apoteker/p-piller-og-amning/